What Should Be Included On A Float Plan

A float plan is your detailed roadmap for a safe and successful boating trip, and it's arguably one of the most important pre-departure tasks you can undertake. It's more than just letting someone know where you're going; it's about providing crucial information that could save your life in an emergency. A comprehensive float plan acts as a guide for search and rescue (SAR) teams, significantly increasing their chances of finding you quickly and efficiently should you encounter unexpected problems.

Why a Float Plan Matters

Imagine this: you're enjoying a leisurely day of sailing, miles offshore, when suddenly a severe storm rolls in, disabling your engine and damaging your communication equipment. You're adrift, with no way to call for help. If you've filed a detailed float plan with a responsible person, that person can alert the authorities, providing them with vital information about your intended route, vessel description, and on-board equipment. This information allows SAR teams to narrow their search area and deploy the appropriate resources, dramatically improving your odds of rescue.

Think of a float plan as an insurance policy – you hope you never need to use it, but you'll be incredibly grateful it's there if you do. It's a simple, proactive step that can make all the difference in a potentially life-threatening situation.

Essential Elements of a Comprehensive Float Plan

A thorough float plan should encompass several key categories of information. Let's break down each element in detail:

1. Vessel Information: Know Your Boat Inside and Out

This section is dedicated to providing a complete profile of your vessel. The more details you include, the better equipped SAR teams will be to identify and locate your boat.

• Boat Name: Include the official name of your vessel. This is often the first identifier used in communication.
• Registration Number (or Hull Identification Number - HIN): This is a unique identifier for your boat, similar to a vehicle identification number (VIN) on a car. It is crucial for official identification.
• Type of Boat: Specify the type of vessel (e.g., sailboat, powerboat, kayak, canoe, personal watercraft). This helps SAR teams understand the vessel's capabilities and limitations.
• Make and Model: Provide the manufacturer and model name (e.g., Bayliner 285 Cruiser, Catalina 30 sailboat).
• Length: State the overall length of the boat in feet or meters.
• Color: Note the hull color, deck color, and any other distinguishing color features. Be as specific as possible (e.g., "Navy blue hull with white deck and red boot stripe").
• Distinguishing Features: Describe any unique characteristics of your boat that would make it easily identifiable (e.g., a distinctive radar arch, a specific type of sail configuration, custom graphics).
• Communication Equipment: List all communication equipment on board, including:
  • VHF Radio: Include the radio's make, model, and Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number if equipped with Digital Selective Calling (DSC). This is critical for distress calls.
  • Satellite Phone: If you have a satellite phone, provide the make, model, and phone number.
  • Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB): Include the EPIRB's make, model, and hexadecimal identification code (Hex ID). This device automatically transmits a distress signal to satellites.
  • Personal Locator Beacon (PLB): Similar to an EPIRB, but designed for personal use. Include the make, model, and Hex ID.
  • Cell Phone: Note that cell phone coverage can be unreliable offshore.
• Navigation Equipment: Detail the navigation equipment on board:
  • GPS: Include make and model.
  • Chartplotter: Include make and model.
  • Radar: Include make and model.
  • Compass: Indicate whether it's a magnetic compass, a gyrocompass, or both.
• Safety Equipment: A comprehensive list of safety equipment is essential:
  • Life Jackets (PFDs): State the number and type of life jackets on board (e.g., "6 Type II life jackets"). Ensure they are readily accessible.
  • Flares: Indicate the type and number of flares (e.g., "6 handheld flares, 2 parachute flares"). Check expiration dates.
  • First Aid Kit: Describe the contents of the kit (e.g., "well-stocked first aid kit with bandages, antiseptic wipes, pain relievers, and motion sickness medication").
  • Life Raft (if applicable): Include the capacity and type of life raft.
  • Emergency Steering: Describe any backup steering systems (e.g., emergency tiller).
  • Anchor and Rode: Specify the type of anchor, length of chain, and length of rode (rope).
  • Sound Signaling Device: Horn, whistle, or other audible signaling device.
  • Navigation Lights: Confirm they are in working order.
  • Fire Extinguishers: Note the number and type of fire extinguishers and their last inspection date.

2. Trip Details: Charting Your Course

This section outlines your planned itinerary, providing a clear picture of where you intend to go and when you expect to be there.

• Departure Point: Specify the name and location of the marina, boat ramp, or other departure point. Include GPS coordinates if possible.
• Destination: Clearly state your intended destination, including the name and location. If you're planning a multi-stop trip, list all destinations. Include GPS coordinates if possible.
• Route: Provide a detailed description of your planned route, including waypoints, course headings, and any specific landmarks you intend to pass. A marked-up chart or a list of GPS coordinates is helpful.
• Estimated Time of Departure (ETD): Record the date and time you plan to leave.
• Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA): Record the date and time you expect to arrive at your destination. If it's a multi-stop trip, provide ETAs for each destination. Be realistic in your estimations.
• Alternate Destinations: List alternate destinations in case your original plans are disrupted by weather or other unforeseen circumstances.
• Contingency Plans: Describe any alternate routes or actions you might take if you encounter problems. For example, "If weather deteriorates, we will seek shelter in [location]."

3. People On Board: Ensuring Everyone is Accounted For

This section provides information about everyone on board, including their contact details and any relevant medical information.

• Captain's Name: Full name of the person in charge of the vessel.
• Captain's Contact Information: Include the captain's phone number (including satellite phone number if applicable) and email address.
• Captain's Experience: Briefly describe the captain's boating experience and qualifications.
• Crew Names: List the full names of all crew members and passengers.
• Crew Contact Information: Include phone numbers and emergency contact information for each crew member.
• Crew Experience: Note any relevant boating experience or qualifications of the crew members.
• Medical Conditions and Allergies: Document any significant medical conditions, allergies, or medications for each person on board. This information is crucial for first responders in case of a medical emergency.
• Physical Descriptions: Include basic physical descriptions (height, weight, hair color, eye color) for each person. This can aid in identification during a search.
• Clothing Descriptions: Note the typical clothing each person is likely to be wearing.

4. Emergency Contact Information: The Lifeline

This section provides contact information for the person who will be monitoring your float plan and who to contact in case of an emergency.

• Float Plan Contact Person's Name: Full name of the person responsible for monitoring your float plan. This should be a reliable person who is familiar with your boating plans.
• Float Plan Contact Person's Phone Number: Include both a primary and secondary phone number.
• Float Plan Contact Person's Email Address: Provide an email address for communication.
• Instructions for Float Plan Contact Person: Clearly outline the actions the contact person should take if you are overdue or if they suspect something is wrong. For example: "If we do not arrive by [ETA] on [date], please attempt to contact us via phone and VHF radio. If you are unable to reach us, contact the Coast Guard at [phone number]."
• Coast Guard Contact Information: Include the phone number for the local Coast Guard station or the general Coast Guard emergency number.
• Other Emergency Contacts: List any other relevant emergency contacts, such as local marine police or harbor patrol.

5. Vessel Diagram: A Visual Aid

While not always necessary, including a simple diagram of your vessel can be helpful, especially for less common boat types. The diagram should show the location of key equipment, such as life rafts, EPIRBs, and fire extinguishers.

6. Recent Photo of the Vessel: Crucial for Identification

Include a recent, clear photograph of your boat. This is invaluable for SAR teams when trying to identify your vessel from the air or sea. Ensure the photo shows the boat's distinctive features and colors.

Filing Your Float Plan: Getting the Information Where It Needs To Be

Creating a detailed float plan is only half the battle. You must ensure that the information is properly filed with a responsible person who understands their role in the process.

• Choose a Reliable Contact Person: Select someone who is responsible, trustworthy, and familiar with your boating habits. Ensure they understand the importance of the float plan and are willing to take action if necessary.
• Provide a Copy of the Float Plan: Give your contact person a complete copy of the float plan well in advance of your trip. Allow them time to review the information and ask any questions.
• Review the Plan Together: Go over the float plan with your contact person to ensure they understand the itinerary, emergency procedures, and their responsibilities.
• Establish Communication Protocol: Agree on a regular communication schedule (e.g., daily check-ins via phone or text message). This allows your contact person to monitor your progress and ensure you are safe.
• Notify Your Contact Person of Any Changes: If you deviate from your planned route or itinerary, inform your contact person as soon as possible.
• Close Out the Float Plan: Once you have safely arrived at your destination, notify your contact person to close out the float plan. This prevents unnecessary search and rescue efforts.

Tools and Resources for Creating Float Plans

Several resources are available to help you create and file your float plan:

• US Coast Guard Auxiliary Float Plan Form: The Coast Guard Auxiliary provides a standardized float plan form that you can download and fill out.
• Online Float Plan Apps: Several mobile apps and websites allow you to create and submit float plans electronically. These apps often include features such as GPS tracking and automated notifications. Examples include BoatUS and others.
• Paper Templates: Printable float plan templates are readily available online.
• Your Local Marina: Many marinas have float plan forms available and can assist you in filing your plan.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Failing to File a Float Plan: The most common and most dangerous mistake.
• Incomplete Information: Leaving out crucial details can hinder search and rescue efforts.
• Inaccurate Information: Ensure all information is accurate and up-to-date.
• Failing to Update the Plan: Notify your contact person of any changes to your itinerary or plans.
• Choosing an Unreliable Contact Person: Select someone who is responsible and trustworthy.
• Failing to Close Out the Plan: Notify your contact person when you have safely arrived at your destination.

The Importance of Education and Preparation

A float plan is just one component of responsible boating. It's crucial to educate yourself about boating safety, navigation, and emergency procedures. Take a boating safety course, learn how to use your communication equipment, and practice emergency drills. Proper preparation can significantly reduce your risk of accidents and ensure a safe and enjoyable boating experience.

Legal Considerations

While not legally mandated in all jurisdictions, filing a float plan demonstrates responsible seamanship and can potentially influence legal outcomes in the event of an incident. In some areas, failure to file a float plan might be considered negligence. Check local regulations and consider the ethical implications of failing to take this simple safety precaution.

Conclusion: Peace of Mind on the Water

A well-prepared and properly filed float plan is an invaluable tool for ensuring your safety and the safety of your crew while boating. It provides a lifeline in case of an emergency, giving search and rescue teams the information they need to locate and assist you quickly. Take the time to create a comprehensive float plan before every trip, and enjoy your time on the water with the peace of mind that comes from knowing you've taken a crucial step to protect yourself and your loved ones. It's a simple act that could save your life.